| Court: | Wisconsin Court of Appeals |
| Facts: | Hamiel and friends start to rob a pharmacy. There's a cop car in the neighborhood. And the manager was there. |
| Posture: | Motion to dismiss because the state didn't prove the intervention of some extraneous factor. Convicted at trial, and also appeals about insufficiency of the evidence at the preliminary hearing. |
| Issue: | Does the state have to prove what caused the abandonment? Was the evidence sufficient? |
| Holding: | No. Yes. |
| Rule: | There's no need to distinguish between causes, as long as it's shown beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant didn't voluntarity withdraw. |
| Reasoning: | The owner or the squad car could either have scared him off, and there was plenty of evidence to support the theory that there was about to be a robbery. |
| Dicta: | |