| Court: | US Supreme Court |
| Facts: | Mistretta sold some cocaine, and was sentenced under the guidelines. |
| Posture: | Convicted, sentenced, appealed. |
| Issue: | Are the guidelines consitutional? |
| Holding: | Yes. |
| Rule: | This does not violate the separation of powers, or delegate excessive legislative powers. |
| Reasoning: | Mere innovation isn't a violation. |
| Dicta: | Scalia dissents: even though these are called guidelines, they have the force and effect of laws. |